Six Sigma Green Belt Certification Practice Exam

In Six Sigma, what does the term 'defect' refer to?

1. A deviation from the required specification

2. An item that meets all guidelines

3. A measure of customer satisfaction

4. A process with continuous errors

The correct answer is: A deviation from the required specification

In Six Sigma, the term 'defect' refers specifically to a deviation from the required specification. This concept is central to Six Sigma methodology, which focuses on identifying and reducing variability in processes to improve quality. A defect represents any instance where a product or service fails to meet the predetermined standards or specifications set by the organization or the customers. By defining a defect in this way, Six Sigma practitioners can systematically measure, analyze, and mitigate issues that lead to quality problems. The other options do not accurately capture the definition of a defect. An item that meets all guidelines would be considered to be of acceptable quality and thus not a defect, while a measure of customer satisfaction relates more to perceived value rather than actual performance against specifications. Finally, a process with continuous errors could indicate a systemic issue or poor quality, but it does not encapsulate the specific definition of a defect in the context of Six Sigma. Understanding a defect in this manner is essential for effective process improvement initiatives within the framework of Six Sigma.